The ASEAN region is experiencing a surge in new defense agreements aimed at enhancing regional security and addressing growing geopolitical challenges. In 2024, four key partnerships involving Australia, Indonesia, India, the Philippines, South Korea, and Vietnam have taken center stage, focusing on joint military operations and high-tech defense collaborations.
Australia and Indonesia Defense Pact
In August 2024, Australia and Indonesia entered into a historic defense agreement, which enables their militaries to operate from each other’s territories. The treaty highlights their shared security concerns in the Indo-Pacific, especially with maritime border protection in the South China Sea. The agreement also focuses on joint military exercises and enhanced maritime security cooperation to address piracy, people trafficking, and drug smuggling.
Australian Prime Minister Anthony Albanese emphasized the importance of this partnership, stating that it will significantly boost regional security and cooperation, particularly in the Indo-Pacific, where the rules-based order faces increasing challenges. He remarked, “The signing of the Defence Cooperation Agreement with Indonesia represents the most significant defence agreement in the history of our two countries. This agreement reflects our mutual determination to grow the defence partnership in support of the global rules-based order.”
On the Indonesian side, Defense Minister Prabowo Subianto expressed his appreciation for Australia’s support and highlighted the mutual benefits of the partnership. Prabowo described the deal as a “very good outcome”, adding that it would be “beneficial to both our countries in the future”. Furthermore, he also expressed a desire for greater cooperation with Australia on issues beyond defense, including the economy, food security, agriculture, and curbing international drug trafficking.
India and the Philippines Defense Equipment Collaboration
India and the Philippines have advanced their defense ties through a strategic partnership announced at the Joint Defense Cooperation Committee meeting in Manila on September 2024. A key outcome is the delivery of BrahMos supersonic missiles to the Philippines, a US$375 million deal that strengthens the country’s coastal defense. This partnership also includes collaboration in establishing stable defense supply chains and enhancing maritime security, solidifying India’s role as a key defense partner in Southeast Asia.
Vietnam and the Philippines: Maritime Security Cooperation
In response to China's assertive stance in the South China Sea (SCS), Vietnam and the Philippines signed letters of intent in August 2024 to deepen cooperation in disaster response, military medicine, and maritime security. Both nations, with shared territorial claims in the Spratly Islands, are working together to ensure freedom of navigation in the SCS. Joint naval drills and enhanced coast guard coordination reflect their commitment to addressing regional maritime challenges.
South Korea and Vietnam Defense Partnership
South Korea and Vietnam have reinforced their defense and technology collaboration, focusing on military exercises and high-tech cooperation. In September 2024, the two countries agreed to boost partnerships in areas such as semiconductors, cybersecurity, and defense technology. This synergy not only addresses mutual security challenges but also enhances economic ties, particularly in advanced manufacturing and ICT sectors.
As ASEAN countries strengthen their defense cooperation, these partnerships will shape the future of regional security and contribute to maintaining stability in the Indo-Pacific region, while presenting opportunities for partnership and collaboration for the United States government and private sector alike.
